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Oppositely directed jets of plasma that are bright radio sources originate in the nuclei of many radio galaxies. They emerge along the

axis of an ‘accretion disc’, as shown in Fig. 1. The radio jet emits synchrotron radiation and the accretion disc emits Bremsstrahlung,

but at radio wavelengths, the jet is normally much brighter than the disc, the latter being essentially invisible. In one such radio

galaxy, 3C84, the jet directed away from the observer (the ‘counterjet’) is obscured as a result of free-free absorption by the accretion

disc at frequencies below 22 GHz, i.e. the accretion disc has opacity greater than 1 for frequencies below 22 GHz. Assume that the

temperature of accretion disc T = 104 K, that its thickness is 1.4 pc and that it is viewed at θ = 45° to the axis.

Find the number density of electrons in the accretion disc.

Hints: Use the Gaunt factor g appropriate to radio wavelengths (given as below) and find an expression for the emissivity. Then consider

the criterion for opacity >1.

g(ν,T) = √3/2π [ln⁡((128ϵ_0^2 k^3 T^3)/(m_e e^4 ν^2 Z^2 ))-0.76]

Where ν is frequency, ϵ is permittivity of free space 8.854 x 10-12 Fm-1, k is Boltzmann’s constant 1.381 x 10-23 J K-1, m_e is mass of

electron 9.109 x 10-31 kg, e is charge on the electron 1.602 x 10-19 C and Z can be assumed as 1 for fully ionised gas.

Remember throughout this question that the calculations involve the Bremsstrahlung of the accretion disc and not the synchrotron radiation

from the jet. See note below diagram.
Figure 1: The jet and counterjet emerge along the axis of the accretion disc. Radiation from the counterjet is absorbed by the disc at

frequencies below 22GHz.

Note: In most radio galaxies, the counterjet is hidden as a result of relativistic aberration, which greatly diminishes the intensity of a

source moving away from the observer. 3C84 is an unusual case: its jets are thought to move too slowly for relativistic aberration to be

significant – it seems the counterjet is hidden at low frequencies only by free-free absorption.

Psychopathic offenders are said to lack conscience. One case of a sexual psychopathic offender was Jeffrey Dahmer. Dahmer tortured, mutilated, and killed a number of young men before having sexual intercourse with them. Eventually, he was caught by the police and sentenced to multiple life prison terms in Wisconsin. He was murdered by a fellow prisoner. Are persons like Dahmer capable of forming a conscience? If not, then how can we expect moral/ethical behavior from them? (75 words)

What are the leading causes of infant mortality? For each cause, suggest a public health measures aimed at reducing the

Responses should be no less than 200 words in length not including your reference(s)
1. Why is this topic important to Public Health?
2. Why did you select this topic? What is its importance?
3. How can we get involved?

Page limit: ~5 pages (12 pt. font, Times New Roman,double-spaced, normal margins)

For this paper you will choose one of several recently decided Supreme Court cases provided in a separate list.

The goal of the paper is twofold. First, the cases present a chance to study important real-world issues in American politics beyond our

coverage in class of congressional and presidential politics. Second, this paper allows you to connect the issues of your case to what we have

learned in class thus far. In particular, you should discuss relevant information about civil rights, civil liberties, and theories of

judicial decision-making from class and your readings. Specifically, your paper should include the following:
Section 1 (2-3 pages)
• Describe the background of your case: the plaintiffs, the story, and how the case got to the Supreme Court.
• State the main questions of the law the case involves and describe what arguments the different sides present.
• Identify the major legal precedent(s) of the case.
• Explain the ruling, including a description of the written opinion and dissent.

Section 2 (Less than 1 page)
• Describe how this casemay factor into electoral politics. How do the different parties stand to gain or lose from the decision?

Section 3 (1-2 pages)
• Connect the paper (as is relevant to your specific topic) to what you have learned about civil rights or civil liberties and theories

of judicial decision-making.

Helpful resources:
The Oyez Project
http://www.oyez.org/

SCOTUS Blog

Home

Cornell University Law School
https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/home

Reminders:
Use quotes only when doing so will improve the paper.
ALWAYS cite your sources, even if you have rephrased something in your own words. You can use footnote citations if you choose to do so.
You will likely need to edit several drafts to develop a paper that fully covers all the required analysis into the space of 5 pages. Please

see Mic

 

There are two broad approaches to financing health care: a market-based approach and a government-financed approach. For each approach, answer the

following questions:
1. Who is provided access?
2. How much coverage is provided?
3. How are the services paid for?
4. How does reimbursement apply?
5. Are there limitations on care?
6. What guides care decisions for patients?
7. What is the quality of services?
8. Are there competitive options?
9. How much are prevention and wellness emphasized?
10. How are health care costs managed and controlled?
11. How are medical advances generated?
12. How is health care reform established?
In addition, offer any further advantages and/or disadvantages you have gleaned from your research.
The information above can be presented in one of the following formats as long as there are full sentences and examples:
1. Short-answer format
In a short narrative (one for each approach), explain what component you feel requires the most reform in order to finance a health care system that covers

all, or most, people. Justify your rationale.

RUBRIC:

Covers each component in depth with extensive details and examples. Subject knowledge is excellent. Thoughtfully analyzes and evaluates major points of the

criteria. Draws warranted, judicious, nonfallacious conclusions. Identifies the salient arguments (reasons and claims) and advantages and disadvantages,

providing explicit examples and details.

Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. Rationale is in-depth and supported by evidence. All

sources are authoritative as appropriate.

Content is comprehensive, accurate, and persuasive. Definitions are clearly stated.

The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose,

discipline, and scope

 

 

Discussion Prompt

Religion and Spirituality

Do you believe that having a religious or spiritual outlook can lead to benefits in development? Are their ways that seeking a spiritual path may prove detrimental to development? Support your reasoning with information from the text and other course materials.

Justify the importance of leadership adaptability by examining how each factor can influence different styles of leadership

This assignment focuses on vignette analysis and direct application of course concepts to the persons and situations presented in the vignette for each question. All discussions must take into account the legal and ethical considerations, as well as issues of culture and human diversity that may pertain to the situations presented below.

Please keep your responses focused on what is presented in the vignette. Do not add information but use your creativity to support what you see in the vignette as written. All assignments MUST be typed and double-spaced, in APA style and must be written at graduate level English. The content, conciseness and clarity of your answers will be considered in the evaluation of your work. You must use and integrate the material presented in the course text and cite your work according to APA format. Use of outside resources for culture-specific information to enhance your vignette analysis is encouraged.

 

Capstone Demonstration on Policies and Regulations
This week you have an opportunity to demonstrate your knowledge and insight of health policy at a “capstone level.” Please visit one of the health care

management or nursing feedback websites, and read one or more current or past regulations or policies—and with your enlightened understanding on how

important it is that regulations and policies be kept “current” in the context of our rapidly changing society and health care system, post a feedback

remarkontothe a site of your choice (examples below); and to earn points for this assignment, save and upload comment(s) you posted. Make sure that your

comment(s) are substantive and articulately expressed. Consequently, post no fewer than 250 words and no more than 500 words of verbiage to the site. Be

sure to include a title page and a reference list—if references were used to support your post.
Content: 50 points
Presentation: 10 points
Enjoy the fact that you’ve added viable input to entities where positive “change” can be considered and quite possibly implemented.
Go to:
http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/newsroom/rfc/
• or https://www.medicaid.gov/Medicaid-CHIP-Program-Information/By-Topics/Delivery-Systems/Institutional-Care/Preadmission-Screening-and-Resident-

Review-PASRR.html
• or https://www.cms.gov/regulations-and-guidance/regulations-and-guidance.html or http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about-the-law/
• or http://www.nursingworld.org/FunctionalMenuCategories/FAQs
• or https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hsrinfo/health_economics.html
• or http://www.va.gov/nursing/
• or feel free to visit any other website not shown above (Others are AHA, ASHE, NONP—your choice)
2. At that site, go to both: “Requests for Comments” and “Federal Register Notices” or the related tab where feedback is accepted.
3. Each student will select either a policy that is currently open for comment or one in the past that has closed. Note that the submission link for

an open comment is different than for closed policies…yet comments are welcomed at any time even if the policy comment period has closed.
4. Craft a succinct response with references on the policy issue of the student’s choice and submit as per the directions on the various tabs. Make

your comment substantive—one page of text or more.
5. Copy the Instructor on the email submission and submit it using the Assignment Link.

 

 

 

Discussion Board #3 – 2
Ethnocentrism and acculturation–these elements can either be a detriment or a benefit, depending on which side of the cultural fence you stand.
Much has been lost to the dominant culture of affluent nations, language is but the tip of the ice berg. However if you think about the

importance of language, it becomes easy to understand how an entire way of life can become lost once its chief form of communication is

diminished. Without language, the story tellers/historians of a civilization become limited in their ability to pass on the customs of a people.

Many indigenous languages of this country (those spoken by Native Americans) are now lost; some have been recorded but not preserved, others

have been eradicated and forgotten. It is easy to argue that it is important to maintain one’s culture, but…..
Consider this: Assuming that a person’s culture is his/hers from birth (it is transmitted from one generation to the next; it is shared,

learned), should a member of a perceived minority culture be forced to abide by the norms and values of the dominant culture?
(Challenge: Can you answer this dilemma without relying on your personal beliefs about this issue; can you be impartial?)