Works of Art should not be understood as expressions of the individuality of the author

Works of Art should not be understood as expressions of the individuality of the author

Michael Foucault criticises the notion of authorship arguing that works of art should not be understood as expressions ofthe individuality ofthe author. What do you think of his arguments? Discuss with reference to the work of artists since the 1960’s which has critically interrogated the concept ofArt as self expression.”
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THE SOCIAL SHAPING OF EMOTION:THE CASE OF GRIEF

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THE SOCIAL SHAPING OF EMOTION:THE CASE OF GRIEF

Professionals often view GRIEF as an emotion located within a given individual. Many sociologists, on the other hand, are interested in the ‘social shaping’ of grief and in how individuals engage with cultural norms and customs associated with grieving.
Using Lofland’s ‘THE SOCIAL SHAPING OF EMOTION:THE CASE OF GRIEF’ as a starting point, explore the ways in which our experiences of grief and our practices of mourning are socially constructed.
Use several examples to help ground your discussion of this topic.
Your discussion should show understanding of the following:
– social construction of grief and mourning
– cultural norms for expressing grief
– feeling rules
– social bonds
– social structure
– self identity
– gender
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Managing Healthcare Professionals: Mini-Case Studies

Managing Healthcare Professionals: Mini-Case Studies

Respond to each of the scenarios below. Please label your mini-cases. Your response may be in a word document format or in a power point format. Cover all of the issues in each case you and use good writing and presentation techniques and address the issue(s) in detail. Answer in bullet format where possible

1. You are a new administrator at Jonestown Medical Center. You receive a telephone call from the nurse manager of the emergency room. Dr. Smith, an emergency room physician who is an employee of your hospital, has just reported for duty. The nurse manager suspects that Dr. Smith is intoxicated. What do you do? You are the practice manager of Docs R Us, Ltd., a large multi-specialty medical practice employing over 100 physicians. You are conducting a random review of billing for doctors in the practice and you discover that one of the internists in your group who treats mostly Medicare recipients has been checking off the wrong code for her procedures on the billing form. The procedures on the patient record do not match the billing form codes. You pull up her files for the past 3 months and find a pattern of upcoding. When you meet with her to review this miscoding, she becomes very defensive and angry. What do you do?
2.You are the assistant director of the hospital medical staff office at The Rural Outreach Community Hospital in a tiny town in Arkansas. It is your job to verify physician credentials for staff privileges. Your hospital receives an application from a physician for staff privileges. On his application it states that he graduated from medical school in El Salvador. When you call to verify this, you are told that the medical school burned down 2 years ago and all the records were destroyed. What do you do?
This is an exercise in your management abilities and knowledge.
cover each question seperately
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Explain Locke on slavery.

Explain Locke on slavery.

When is it permitted? When is it not permitted? Why can’t you sell yourself into slavery? Is it because you belong to God? (Hint: No.)

Subject: Philosophy

Use resource from Locke’s Second treatise of Government
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The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was neither proletarian nor a revolution.

Remaking Chinese Society, 1949-Present
ESSAY TOPICS:
EITHER:
Choose to write on one of the topics below

1. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was neither proletarian nor a revolution. Discuss.
2. The greatest achievement of the Maoist period was the elimination of social inequality. Discuss.
3. The CCP always promised that the revolution would result in the liberation of women. How well did they live up to this promise after 1949?
4. The reform policies pursued by Deng Xiaoping after 1978 prove that the Gang of Four was right about him all along – he really was a ‘capitalist roader’. Discuss.
5. Why did the student ‘democracy’ movement of 1989 fail?
6. The economic successes of the reform period are outweighed by the social costs. Discuss.
7. The forces of globalization have strengthened rather than weakened the position of the Chinese Communist Party. Discuss.

 

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Human Behavior Perspective – Human Development & Socialization

Human Behavior Perspective – Human Development & Socialization

Subject: Sociology

Even though the use of IQ tests has a long history in the United States, significant criticisms of IQ tests have been raised. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of IQ tests, including: why disparities exist in the IQ test scores of people from different racial, ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic groups. Is the reason for these disparities due to innate differences in cognitive skill or are other factors affecting the differences between groups? Explain your answer.
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Asian Mass Media

Asian Mass Media

Subject: Communications and Media
Select ONE from the following topics:

1. … the media in much of East and Southeast Asia stand in harmony with
Confucian philosophy, which stresses “consensus and cooperation” unlike the Western media’s dedication to “individual freedom and rights” (Heuvel& Dennis, 1993:iii). … Asians complain about the forward, adversarial style of the Western media and the sex and violence of some Western programming while Western journalists complain about excessive restrictions and inadequate access to information (Heuvel& Dennis, 1993:2).
Discuss it in terms of both media and regulatory practice in Hong Kong SAR, Taiwan,
Japan and South Korea. You have to include at least two countries in your discussion.

2. Select any specific aspect(s) of mass media in two of the following four
countries – Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea –, and compare it/them. Discuss the similarities and/or differences between the two countries. Specific aspect(s) can be: media system, media history, media control/regulation, media content, media policy, new media etc.

3. Select any specific aspect(s) of mass media in one of the following four
countries – Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea –, and compare it/them with another country of your choice. Discuss the similarities and/or differences between the two countries. Specific aspect(s) can be: media system, media history, media control/ regulation, media content, media policy, new media etc.
References: All in the prescribed text; Recommended readings; Other materials.

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Review of Journal Articles

Review of Journal Articles

Subject: Sociology
Journal Articles Review Instructions (15 points)
Find 3 refereed empirical (quantitative or qualitative) journal articles that address the effectiveness of social work treatment or interventions related to a topic of your interest. The articles should be in your expected area of concentration (CYF or CMH). Think ahead to the literature review assignment and link this assignment to it. Analyze them using the criteria below

For each article:
1. identify the research question,
2. research the approach (exploratory, descriptive, explanatory) and explain why,
3. describe the research design,
4. key findings,
5. conclusions
Each article review should be a minimum of 1-page, single-spaced. Include an APA style reference page that correctly identifies each article reviewed. Use PsycINFO, Medline, Sociological Abstract, Social Services Abstract, or some other literature database search engine (e.g. Google Scholar) to find relevant articles.

Required Format (each bold heading is required):
Article Title, Author and Publication Information (follow APA style manual)
Research Question
Research Approach
Research Design
Key Findings
Conclusions, including:
Usefulness to Social Work:
o Note any issues related to ethics & cultural competence, social justice/advocacy
o Include a rating on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being most useful and discuss the reasons for your ratings
Criterion Possible points
Using APA style, including accurate Reference List 2
Following requested format (using all the bold headings listed above) 2
Analyzing the articles using critical thinking skills 4
Demonstrating mastery of the research skills studied in class 2
Critiquing usefulness to SW & recommended future research 2
Using graduate level writing skills: grammar, spelling, punctuation, organization, and APA style reference page 3
Total Points 15
Running Head: Journal Articles
Assignment #1
Review of Journal Articles or near State University, East Bay

SW 6032: Section __
Stuart Hanson
Date here
Title, Author and Publication Information
Cox, C. & Monk, A. (1993). Hispanic culture and family care of Alzheimer’s patients.
Health and Social Work, 18, 92 – 100. Retrieved Saturday, April 14, 2007 from
the Academic Search Premier database.
Research Question
How do culture and values influence the nature of the caregiving relationship between a Hispanic caregiver and a family member with Alzheimer’s?
Research Approach
The descriptive approach included structured personal interviews with 86 caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients in New York City. Respondents were reached through staff members of senior centers, hospital social workers, directors of local Alzheimer’s programs, social service agencies, home care agencies, and the clergy of several predominantly Hispanic churches. Respondents had to be the primary caregiver of the patient. Interviews were conducted in Spanish in homes.
Research Design
Cultural impact on caregiving was measured using an earlier study. There were seven items, with responses using a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 = strongly agree to 5 = strongly disagree.
Patient status was evaluated using the Memory and Behavioral Problems Checklist. This instrument measures how behavior upsets caregivers with 30 items and a range from 0 = never occurs to 5 = occurred frequently in the past but no longer occurs. Caregiver status was measured in terms of physical health through self-reports and depression using the CES-D scale. The range is 0 – 60, with a score of 16 or more indicating symptoms of depression. A caregiver can obtain a high score by either having several symptoms at once or only a few over an extended period. The Burden Interview was also translated into Spanish to measure stress levels. The interview is composed of 22 items with responses ranging from 0 = not at all to 4 = extremely.
Sample
Respondents had to be the primary caregiver of the patient. Interviews were conducted in Spanish in homes. Demographics of the sample indicate that women composed the majority of the 86 Hispanic caregivers: (77.9 percent, n=67) and the Alzheimer’s patients (76.7 percent, n = 66). A majority of the caregivers were daughters, (46.5 percent, n = 40), spouses (23.3 percent, n = 20) and adult sons comprised 11.6 percent (n = 10) of the caregivers. Few caregivers or patients were born in the United States. Spanish was the predominant language, demonstrating the ethnic bonds in the community.
Data Collection
Data were collected using structured personal interviews with 86 caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients in New York City. Respondents were reached through staff members of senior centers, hospital social workers, directors of local Alzheimer’s programs, social service agencies, home care agencies, and the clergy of several predominantly Hispanic churches.
Key Findings
Religious observance played a central role in the respondents lives, 82.5 percent (n = 71) Catholic, 13.9 percent, (n = 12) Protestant and 3.4 percent (n = 3) Jehovah’s Witness.
Education level was low, 41.8 percent completed elementary school, while 13.9 percent had completed some high school and 10.4 percent had some college. Average income was below $15,000 a year, with only 40.6 percent of the caregivers employed. 29.4 percent of the caregivers left work to care for their relative.
Physical health, according to a majority of the caregivers, (68.6 percent), had not changed in the last year. However, more than a quarter of the respondents, (29.0 percent) felt their health had deteriorated, with most of the group (63.9 percent) received care for a chronic condition such as hypertension, emotional problems and heart ailments with half of the sample indicating that their physical condition interrupted with their care for their relative. The Memory and Behavior Checklist shows they are moderately impaired: 80.8 within the range of 0 to 150. Almost half of the caregivers turn to friends and family to confide their problems on a daily basis, but the same number had difficulty finding substitute care.
Parents expect children to live nearby to care for them while caregivers frowned on leaving work to care for their parents, they did not feel paying a professional to assist with care meant they shirked their familial responsibilities.
Regarding the CES-D and Burden Scales, the caregivers indicated they were clinically depressed and responded in the moderate range for burden. Time spent caring for their relative meant not enough time to care for themselves.
Conclusions (the authors’)
Familial relationships support care for the elderly among Hispanics, modeling the cultural values expected for the population. However, the caregivers did not seek formal support from doctors.
Usefulness to Social Work
Caregivers have demonstrated reluctance to seek counseling and therefore active outreach is vital. On a scale of 1 – 10, this study ranks 8. Interviews were conducted in Spanish using culturally competent guidelines. Case managers could build on the trust and openness that was displayed in the interviews. In addition, social workers can educate physicians and nurses about the guilt and stress that underlie the physical symptoms of nervousness that bring caregivers to the medical doctors in the first place. Social Workers also can inform medical professionals of cultural complexities.
One example of the complexity is the value of extended family that is unlikely to place a family member in a nursing home. Social workers must be sensitive to the feeling of guilt that might be raised if this suggestion is made. Interventions must include culturally competent awareness.
Recommendations for Future Research
Social workers can suggest counseling to Hispanics to convey that they have limitations to broaden their perspective to see beyond the family values that create burdens as caregivers. This will enable families to cope with the difficulties of caregiving. As a result of this study, one could initiate a study on the options for respite care which includes variables for religious or workplace support
Title, Author and Publication Information
Fitzsimmons, S. & Buettner, L. (2002). Therapeutic recreation interventions for need-
driven dementia-compromised behaviors in community dwelling elders. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 17, 367 – 376. Retrieved Saturday, April 14, 2007 from the Psych Info database.
Research Question
Are at-home individualized recreational therapy interventions (TRI) effective for people with dementia and disturbing behaviors who would otherwise not want to leave their homes?
Research Approach
Researchers described specific interventions with an exploratory approach to determine if they led to calming agitated people and engaging passive people. Behavioral problems were identified in the community in terms of type and times of occurrence.
Research Design
The study used a pre-test/post-test experimental design with biofeedback measures to regulate physiological changes and each subject acted as his/her own control. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured and compared to a baseline. Video tape was also used three times during the test. Two intervention groups were randomly assigned: one received therapeutic recreation for two weeks while the second maintained regular homecare for two weeks and then engaged in the prescribed recreation program.
Sample
(not completed by student)
Data Collection
(not completed by student
Key Findings
Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory indicated a decrease from the pre-test 1.87 to 1.76 to demonstrate improvement in the level of agitation. Passive behaviors improved as well as noted in the shift pre and post-test from 1.63 to 1.97, respectively. Day time behaviors were distinguished as agitated with a peak between 4 p.m. and 8 p.m. and passive with two peaks, between 10 a.m. and noon, and then 4 p.m. and 6 p.m.
Conclusions (authors’)
Keeping family members engaged is a major challenge when they are likely to be verbally or physically aggressive, wander or present as agitated. The introduction of activities that may carry over to other daily efforts is vital to maintaining elders at home. Cost for at-home therapy was estimated at $30 per hour for staff and $10 per week for supplies. Two caregivers reported that TRI delayed institutionalization which in Florida average cost is $4,500 a month.
Usefulness to Social Work
On a scale of 1 – 10, this study ranks an 8. To participate in the study, a guardian needed to provide signed consent for ethics consideration. This study provided helpful background for social workers to intervene in family discussions and help seniors age in place which is the predominant idea in the field. At the same time, 94 percent of the participants were white non-Hispanic and therefore the study is limited in relating to minorities.
Future Recommendations
Recreational Therapy Intervention (TRI) will be an effective means to serve elders who are reluctant to attend day care settings, to reduce agitation and increase involvement in daily activities. If adjustment to daily life improves and individuals remain in the community, insurance companies and the government may be persuaded to support the cost. Further research could determine the types of recreational activities that would best meet the needs of specific manifestations of dementia behavior.
Title, Author and Publication Information
Cheung, J., Kwan, A., Chan, S., Ngan, R., Ng, S., Leung, E., & Lau, A. (2005). Quality
of Life in Older Adults: Benefits from Caring Services in Hong Kong, Social Indicators Research, 71, 291-334. Retrieved Monday, April 30, 2007 from the CSA Illumina database.
Research Question
Do services like home care, daycare, nursing home, medical services and home delivered meals and improve social relationships and increase quality of life?
Research Approach
Because the sample (see below), this study was mainly descriptive.
Research Design
This study used qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (survey) methods in which groups met to take a pre-test in focus groups to answer a core question: “What is a good life? Why do you think that?” 61 questions were derived from these answers to comprise the final measurement of quality of life, self-happiness, physical health and global quality of life. The test was further broken down into the following categories: Quality of cultural activities, Quality of work, Quality of accommodation, Quality of finance, Quality of friendship, Quality of life with community, with family.
Sample
3,000 older Chinese people in Hong Kong divided into three segments: the young old (65-74), old old, (75-84) and old older (85+). The respondents included users of social centers, residential care and community care. They were randomly selected to represent a continuum of care.
Data Collection
First, focus groups were convened to develop survey questions. Second, a survey was administered to the sample described above.
Key Findings
A person living in hostel scored highest with quality of life, but not with overall health. The elders who used none of the services scored highest on health. Users of day care centers displayed lowest levels of health. However, because the analysis did not control for background among elders, the significant difference does not truly indicate benefits or weakness of the services.
Conclusions (authors’)
Home care stands out as the greatest benefit in terms of cumulative use, chronic illness, and age and sex variables. In addition, home care includes the element of caring in terms of defining a close relationship through case management which includes self-empowerment and overall contributes to quality of life.
Usefulness to Social Work
On a scale of 1 – 10, this study ranks 9 in terms of comprehensive methodology and thorough review of variables facing the senior population. Evaluating quality of life is relevant for all ethnic populations and this study may pertain to other ethnic groups. The conclusions of this study reinforce the value of the role of social workers and case managers in the community. They provide a vital link for companionship to the disenfranchised, isolated seniors.
Future Recommendations
Volunteer involvement as well as home care relationships enables elders to weather changes in their surroundings. In terms of continued service, the nursing home provides medical care over a sustained period, although it includes short-comings attributed to loss of self-determination. If social care were introduced to the nursing home, then quality of life would be improved. One could conduct research based on where elders live as a variable to determine quality of life.
this is my subject
(domestic violence effect on children)

 

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Cold War

Cold War

Subject: American History
Instructions for the Book Review
and the book review is on cobbs, daniel M. Native American in cold war america: the struggle for sovereignty, university of new mexico press. 2008

In order to write a good review, you must think carefully about the book. Since reviews are to be between 1400 and 1600 words long, you must take pains to organize and present your thoughts with precision, clarity, and conciseness. Begin your review with the author, title, and facts of publication for the book using standard bibliographical form, for example:

 

Jules R. Benjamin. A Student’s Guide to History. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2001.

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Answers to the following seven sections must form the substance of your review. Answer each of them in the order given, each with a separate paragraph or series of paragraphs.

 

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing the book?

 

2. What is the book’s thesis?

 

3. How does the author organize material? What is the logic behind the topics of the chapters, and how do the chapters go together to form the book? You should be aware that there is almost always a fit between the thesis of a book and the logic of the book’s organization. Each points to the other. Thus, if you are in doubt about the thesis, pay attention to the organizational logic. In your review, include an explicit statement about the fit between the book’s organization and its thesis. This section can also include a brief summary of the book, but make sure that the summary is tied to the issue of organization.

 

4. To what subfield of history does the book belong? How so? What methodologies (particular ways of studying history) does the author employ? Do any academic theories (such as feminist or postmodern theories) guide the author, and, if so, which ones? If the author does not discuss methodology or theory, note their absence.

 

5. Does the author place his or her book into the subject matter’s historiography? If so, how? Are any secondary sources particularly important for the author? Which ones and why? What primary sources does the author use to develop the thesis of the book, and why are these particular sources used? Do not give just a list of sources. Discuss types of sources used and the reasons for relying on certain kinds of sources rather than others. Include an explicit statement about the book’s most significant sources in light of the author’s thesis.

 

6. Here you must also relate the book to the subject of the course: How does the book fit in with the issues raised and discussed in the course and the textbook? In particular, how, beyond adding more detail, does the book add new perspective to the assigned course reading, especially the textbook?

 

7. How well is the author’s purpose accomplished? In this section, you have an opportunity to make an original, critical evaluation of the book. You will want to address the issues of what is well done, poorly done, and originally done. Are the book’s arguments and uses of evidence clear or unclear, strong or weak, convincing or unconvincing? Should a reader agree or disagree with the author’s assumptions and conclusions? What are the book’s overall strengths and weaknesses? If a reader is curious about a subject, should he or she choose this particular book?

 

 

 

Writing Guide

For the basic formatting of the paper, look at the sample review in chapter three of Jules Benjamin’s A Student’s Guide to History.

 

Number the pages of your paper and use parenthetical citations to make reference to the book’s page numbers, such as (Benjamin, 23-24).
Double-space the essay.
Do not skip a line between paragraphs.
No title page or report cover is necessary for a short paper.
Write in complete sentences; avoid sentence fragments.

 

Avoid the first- or second-person point of view; write instead in the third person.

 

Write in the present tense when referring to a book’s author (“Benjamin describes the various forms of evidence”), and write in the past tense when referring to past events (“The candidate traveled thousands of miles during the campaign”).

 

Avoid using contractions.
With abbreviations, use the full name for the first reference (such as, Federal Bureau of Investigation) and abbreviations for subsequent references (FBI).
When referring to a person’s name, use the first and last name for the first reference and the surname for subsequent references.
Use two hyphens–with no spaces before or after–to form a dash.

 

Avoid dropped quotations: quotations without reference to a speaker or a writer.
Avoid block quotations in short papers. Block quotations are long quotations separated out from the main text of the paper.
In general, try to limit the use of quotations, but be sure to cite any information taken from the book.

 

The following are usage guides that can be useful for further reference: Diana Hacker, The Bedford Handbook; Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations; William Strunk, Jr. and E.B. White, The Elements of Style. All three are available in the campus library.

 

 

 

“The Fumblerules of Grammar”

by William Safire, 1978

Avoid run-on sentences they are hard to read.

 

Don’t use no double negatives.

 

Use the semicolon properly, always use it where it is appropriate; and never where it isn’t.

 

Reserve the apostrophe for it’s proper use and omit it when its not needed.

 

Do not put statements in the negative form.

 

Verbs has to agree with their subjects.

 

No sentence fragments.

 

Proofread carefully to see if you any words out.

 

Avoid commas, that are not necessary.

 

If you reread your work, you will find on rereading that a great deal of repetition can be avoided by rereading and editing.

 

A writer must not shift your point of view.

 

Eschew dialect, irregardless.

 

And don’t start a sentence with a conjunction.

 

Don’t overuse exclamation marks!!!

 

Place pronouns as close as possible, especially in long sentences, as of 10 or more words, to their antecedents.

 

Hyphenate between sy-
llables and avoid un-necessary hyphens.

 

Write all adverbial forms correct.

 

Don’t use contractions in formal writing.

 

Writing carefully, dangling participles must be avoided.

 

It is incumbent on us to avoid archaisms.

 

If any word is improper at the end of a sentence, a linking verb is.

 

Steer clear of incorrect forms of verbs that have snuck in the language.

 

Take the bull by the hand and avoid mixed metaphors.

 

Avoid trendy locutions that sound flaky.

 

Never, ever use repetitive redundancies.

 

Everyone should be careful to use a singular pronoun with singular nouns in their writing.

 

If I’ve told you once, I’ve told you a thousand times, resist hyperbole.

 

Also, avoid awkward or affected alliteration.

 

Don’t string too many prepositional phrases together unless you are walking through the valley of the shadow of death.

 

Always pick on the correct idiom.

 

"Avoid overuse of ‘quotation "marks."’"

 

The adverb always follows the verb.

 

Last but not least, avoid clichés like the plague; seek viable alternatives.

and the book review is on cobbs, daniel M. Native American in cold war america: the struggle for sovereignty, university of new mexico press. 2008
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Basis of Assessment Weighting

Basis of Assessment Weighting
Part 1
Presentation and Style
Discussion of the importance and contribution of the articles in the bibliography
Discussion of philosophical underpinnings and methodological approaches taken in the articles in the bibliography 15
Discussion of the overall character of the bibliography
Part
Presentation and Style
Evidence of reading around issues of methodology in international management research
Explanation and rationale for the chosen methodology
Discussion of weaknesses of the methodology and implications of these weaknesses
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