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discussion

 
1- What contemporary forms of entertainment or art take the place of a formal mock epic such as Pope’s? How many current approaches to social satire can you identify, ranging from the rough to the more refined?

2.Satire is usually about very specific or “topical” subjects. What things/”artists” do you think most deserve a good “send-up” today, and what satirical or otherwise humorous approaches have you found most effective in getting across serious criticisms on those issues? Explain your reasoning.

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There has been a substantial rise in the number of refugees. What are the arguments for and against the view that it is in host countries’ best interests to accept refugees?

 
1-Length: 800 words.
2-Use an appropriate essay Structure.
3-Support points with direct quotations, paraphrases and examples.
4- Use at least one direct quotations and some paraphrases in your essay.
5-Use appropriate vocabulary and grammatically accurate language.
6- Use the APA system of referencing with in-text referencing and a separate list of references.
7- Include a minimum of six (6) different reference sources. These can include the journal article that you are given. Inclusion of the journal article from your Assignment Tutorial Presentation is optional. Do not use more than one (1) website per six references.
8- Submit an electronic copy of the assignment to Turnitin on Blackboard before handing a printed copy in to your teacher.
9- Your assignment must include:
a- Cover page.
b- Your essay.
c- Your reference list.
d- Your outline.

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Improvements in the Manufacturing Industry Versus Health Care Industry

 
INSTRUCTIONS:

1) As health care looks at continuous improvement (as done in manufacturing), one of the most prominent questions that has arisen is, “Can the principles that worked in manufacturing really transfer over to health care? Taking care of a patient is not like building a car on an assembly line. Can standardized processes really work in a setting that focuses on humans and their needs?”
2) Write a paper of 825 – 1,200 words that takes a position on this argument. Justify the rationale for your position.
3) Refer to the assigned readings to incorporate specific examples and details into your paper.
4) Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
5) This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.

RUBRIC:

30.0 %A position is identified and justified with rationale. (Position is identified and justified with rationale.)
30.0 %Include information on the principles of productivity in manufacturing and how they may apply to health care. (Demonstrates thorough knowledge of the process of principles of productivity in manufacturing and how they may apply to health care. Clearly develops a strong analysis of the pros and cons. Introduces appropriate examples.)
10.0 %Integrates information from outside references into the body of paper. (Supports main points with references, examples, and full explanations of how they apply. Thoughtfully analyzes, evaluates and describes major points of the criteria.)
7.0 %Assignment Development and Purpose (Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive. The essence of the paper is contained within the thesis. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.)
8.0 %Argument Logic and Construction (Clear and convincing argument presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.)
5.0 %Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) (Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.)
5.0 %Paper Format (Use of appropriate style for the major and assignment) (All format elements are correct.)
5.0 %Research Citations (In-text citations for paraphrasing and direct quotes, and reference page listing and formatting, as appropriate to assignment and style) (In-text citations and a reference page are complete and correct. The documentation of cited sources is free of error.)

LECTURE:

Working Harder Versus Working Smarter
Introduction
As health care entities begin the struggle to adapt to the changing environment that is being pressed upon them by the new health care reform legislation, the growing refusal of employer-based health plans to subsidize the cost of care provided to Medicare, Medicaid, and self-pay patients, and the increasing pressure to operate more effectively, there is increasing pressure to examine current system functioning for opportunities to improve. When revenues begin to diminish as double digit costs of care are reined in, it forces all entities in the health care delivery system to re-examine the processes and procedures of care delivery. The question of identifying and removing waste and inefficiency must be answered. In this module, we will examine some of the basic principles in which the quality and process improvement drive is grounded, how these principles have operated in health care agencies that have implemented them, and the lessons learned from those experiences.
Why Does This Have To Be Done?
In the early 1970s, the Japanese began to implement the lessons they learned from W. Edwards Deming after World War II by introducing high quality, lower cost cars into the American economy. There was a great rush to understand how they accomplished the feat of turning around their shattered manufacturing base and overcoming the image of cheap, easily broken or damaged goods coming from the East. Companies such as Toyota, Honda, Mitsubishi, Sony, and others began to create a new image, that of high quality at reasonable or lower costs. The Japanese economy began to rise in importance, becoming a financial powerhouse through several decades. Notwithstanding the issues of quality that have recently plagued Toyota in particular, it is still useful to study how the Japanese pulled it off. American manufacturing companies began to study Japan’s techniques and implement them. Chief among these were the focus on efficiency and effectiveness. However, during this period, health care providers remained distant and unengaged in looking at what they basically considered the business of manufacturing. Physicians and hospital executives reassured themselves that they were different, that the provision of health care was too complex and difficult to reduce it to an assembly line platform, that there were no lessons to be learned from car makers on how to help people back to a healthy state. During all this, health care costs continued to rocket to new levels, becoming an increasingly large component of the gross national product and driving health care expenses into double-digit levels year by year. However, by the early 1980s, the first cracks in the wall of indifference were beginning. When Medicare changed its method of compensating providers from a simple fee for service to a flat payment for diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) in 1983, it sent a shock wave through the health care community. That was followed over the next decade by many experiments in different payment methodologies. The message throughout was the same: health care costs were becoming too expensive for the nation to afford and had to be reduced. Slowly the system began to move in a different direction, but the changes came very slowly indeed. However, in the early 2000s, a general consensus began to emerge from all stakeholders that the system was not sustainable, both financially and from an outcomes perspective. The rate of medical errors, when revealed by the Institute of Medicine in the late 1990s, complicated the discussion, as the rate of increased cost did not correlate with hoped-for improvements in care. As mentioned in earlier modules, people who were not shielded from the true reality of health care costs by their employer-subsidized health insurance were getting a shocking introduction into charges from a hospital stay that could run into six figures. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), which was passed in March 2010, began the large task of attempting to control the rising spiral of health care costs through a variety of methods. Health care providers have become painfully aware of cuts in reimbursement, coupled with requiring hospitals to refund monies paid to them if they billed for the care that resulted from preventable errors. All providers are seeing the early rise of major system changes that must reduce costs over the long run and make a system that is sustainable for the distant future. Many of them are beginning to take a careful second look at the achievements seen by the formerly dismissed manufacturing facilities in reducing costs and improving quality of outcomes.
What Is Starting to Happen?
Hospitals in particular have always been the most expensive part of the health care continuum of care. Their focus on high-acuity patients who need focused patient care services and high technology to provide those services have also led to the highest costs in the system. Hospitals have begun to recognize that they must change their former ways of operating in favor of ways that allow them to reduce costs while improving quality and diminishing errors. The methods that came out of Japan appear to offer a road map on how to do this.
What are the common factors in the Japanese approaches?
There are multiple names for the improvement processes originally developed from the 14 Principles of W. Edwards Deming. They include LEAN, Six Sigma, Continuous Improvement, and several others. However, the bulk of them have very similar principles:
• Eliminate the waste of repeated mass inspections by building quality into each step of a work process, and enable all workers to “stop the line” to correct a problem at the moment rather than passing it on to someone else.
• Minimize total cost by standardizing processes and steps, thus reducing variation.
• Constantly improve every process and work function by vigilance, awareness, and a willingness to experiment with a better way.
• Break down barriers between departments, teams, and staff, so that work flows smoothly from one site to another.
• Promote seamless communication between all aspects of the process and all locations where the process happens.
• Eliminate all types of waste by removing non-value-added steps in each process, or steps that are unnecessary in order to achieve the final outcome.
These concepts are fundamental to a mindset of continuous improvement, which is the foundation for making changes that improve efficiency and effectiveness. It generally begins with dividing a defined process, such as the admission of a patient to a hospital, into its individual steps. This may take hours or even days, as various members of a redesign team observe the process in action, identify and measure each of the steps, and assess whether they provide value to the outcome of the process (in other words, are they essential to make the outcome occur?) Once this initial evaluation is completed, the redesign team then looks at each step to see if it can be eliminated, redesigned, or consolidated with another step in order to shorten the process. When the new process is finally assembled, it is then tested and monitored to ensure that it is functional, efficient, and effective in delivering the anticipated outcomes. It is also assessed for the need to retrain workers to use it. A measuring and monitoring plan is developed in order to determine if the process is being used, is working effectively, and is delivering outcomes. A communications plan to stakeholders must be designed and implemented, with the goal of building understanding and engagement on the part of all affected by the new process.
How Do These Concepts Work?
Some examples of how these concepts have been used in health care settings include the following:
1. A team of staff in a hospital magnetic resonance imaging department worried that their room turnover (the time it takes to remove one patient from the scanner, clean and prep the room, bring in the next patient, and begin the next scan) was too long. They examined their process by identifying its definition (the start step of the process and the end step of the process), its component steps, its expected outcomes, the time it took on average, and the resources it consumed. They then constructed a time line for each step, examined the value of each step, and looked for opportunities to improve. After removing several steps that they assessed as not adding value, and after looking at the process as two different processes that had been running consecutively, they came up with a new process that cut their average room turnover time from 18 minutes to 4 minutes. This resulted in an addition of up to one hour per day where they could scan additional patients, reducing patient waiting time for an appointment and increasing revenue. Since the staff, using internal consultants to help them, designed the new process, they were proud of the results and their efforts. Their implementation of the new process was seamless and is sustainable months after the change.
2. A surgery team was interested in finding ways to reduce the amount of time it took to set a room up for a surgical procedure. As they looked at their process and each of the steps, they found that approximately 30 to 40 minutes could be used up by the surgical tech in hunting down the correct surgical packs, trays, and instruments required by the surgeon for a particular case. They came up with a process that utilized prepacked trays and instruments that were prepared by an outside company and delivered on a cart to the surgical suite. The surgical tech simply wheeled the cart into the room, and the bulk of the supplies and equipment needed were immediately available. This reduced room prep time by 20 minutes or more per case.
3. An emergency department (ED) team felt that they were spending too much time counting the inventory of their supplies and restocking them on a daily basis. They reviewed their procedure, and implemented a new system that utilized two bins per supply item on the supply carts. One bin sat directly in front of the other, and each was stocked with the same supply and in the same amount. The ED staff pulled the supply item whenever they needed it, and when the first bin was empty, they placed it on a specified location in the supply storage area and pulled the second bin forward. The staff from central supply picked up the empty bin (which was labeled with the supply item and number to be placed in it), refilled it, and replaced it behind the bin that was currently in use. Thus, there was no need to count the supply each day, the caregivers never had to worry about running out, and the supply restocking process was simple for the central supply staff. Staff satisfaction with this system zoomed.
What Works and What Does Not?
When implementing this type of change, it requires continuous discipline, a relentless focus on the ultimate goals, and engagement of all parties affected by the change. It takes years to learn to do this type of fundamental culture change well. Some key issues to consider include:
• The need to involve physicians from the start. Particularly in the acute care setting, physicians are key to the success of any major change in process. In addition, they are also a key variable that contributes to variation from standard processes. Most physicians have developed their own patterns of care and preferences for equipment. Once they have become comfortable with these, it is very difficult to get them to change. The introduction of evidence-based practice changes can be very difficult for the surgeon, for instance, who has acceptable patient outcomes from his particular approach, but whose patients stay in the hospital two days longer than those of his colleagues. Physicians need to be active participants in looking at data, reviewing relevant research, and changing the protocols of care as a result. If they are not involved, the new change initiative will stop right at the physician’s order sheet. Physicians control the utilization of care resources to a major degree and are essential players to engage in this type of change.
• The need to involve staff from the start. In the examples listed above, the staff of the particular areas were the ones most familiar with current processes and opportunities for improvement. Once they were given the training and redesign support, they were creative and excited to take control of waste and inefficiency, which they had seen for years and felt helpless to do anything about. The engagement of staff is also important as a means to overcome the mindset of “this is how we’ve always done it”, which is often the most stubborn resistance-to-change factors of all.
• When involving staff, encourage them to experiment with changes that may make their work lives easier. The surgical techs who did not have to spend time chasing down equipment and supplies welcomed the idea of having their supplies delivered to their rooms on carts because it saved them time and effort. This is a powerful reinforcer to encourage staff to keep looking for other ways to become more efficient and reduce the amount of wasteful work they do.
• The importance of listing specific outcomes from the beginning. When the redesign teams know that they are looking for ways to accomplish a certain outcome, it helps them to stay focused during the design phase and gives them a benchmark to measure their progress against. If the outcomes are not achievable, it is the earliest indicator to back up, try again, and do something else in a different way.
• Set up display boards in each department so everyone knows what projects are in play and there is a consistent way to present new ideas for consideration. This enables people working on improvement teams to see the results of their progress. Measuring and monitoring outcomes is the last critical step in success.
Conclusion
There are a multitude of pressures on health care facilities and providers to find ways to reduce the rapidly growing costs of the current system. The methods that manufacturing has used for several decades to improve quality while reducing cost are now gaining a beachhead in the health care industry, and providers across the country are deeply engaged in learning how to use the techniques that Deming taught the Japanese with such startling results. An organization that is self-learning, constantly improving, and running efficiently is one that will survive the changes of health care successfully

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Company Analysis

 
Assignment: Company Analysis – Writing Assignment 1
You will have time to work on this assignment in class.
Purpose
To analyze a company’s external business communication documents.

Overview
According to the Syllabus, meeting all requirements for an assignment will earn you a grade of B. The B grade indicates expected performance at the graduate level. To achieve a grade of B+ or better, your work should cover all main points of an assignment, demonstrate a clear and concise organized thought process, incorporate various levels of creativity, include additional resources and experiences into the assignment, and contain no noticeable grammatical, typographical, or spelling errors.
A grading rubric, which will be used by your professor, is included with each assignment. Carefully review each rubric to make sure you have addressed all the criteria before submitting your assignment. Most of the rubrics include the following general criteria in addition to the specific criteria for each assignment.
• Integrates established business communication principles.
At the graduate level, you must support your work with established principles in the field. Citations are required.
• Synthesizes relevant information and material to provide evidence of critical thought.
At the graduate level, you must demonstrate that you have the ability to combine various elements to form a coherent whole – not simply stating facts. You also must demonstrate that you have the ability to examine a situation from diverse perspectives before reaching a conclusion.
• Develops ideas with clarity and logic.
At the graduate level, you must demonstrate that you can present your message in a clear and logical manner and not have your message obscured by disorganized facts and information.
In this assignment you will be using a tool called turnitin.com. This tool allows you to check your paper for potential plagiarism before submitting your paper for a grade. Use the results of the originality report to modify your paper as needed before submitting.

Scenario: Your supervisor has asked you to explore a company that your organization is thinking about purchasing. Your job is to begin an initial analysis of the company. You will write a professional email to your supervisor that describes your findings.

Note: This is an individual assignment.
Action Items
1. Review Table 7.1 Tips for Effective Email Messages in your textbook.
2. Review the grading rubric for this assignment.
3. Go to the discussion topic, “Company Assignment”, and see which company your professor has assigned you to analyze for this assignment.
4. Read the two most recent annual reports of the company you have been assigned.
a. Go to the company’s website. Typically, the annual report will be stored on the Investor Relations page of the company’s website.
b. Locate and read the last two annual reports of the company as indicated.
c. Read other reports and press releases posted by the company.
5. Locate the Consolidated Statements of Income (also known as the Income Statement), Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows in the most current annual report. Print them out, or if the firm offers downloadable copies, download them and save to your computer.
Note: You will need the Consolidated Statements of Income for this assignment. Data from the Balance Sheet and Statement of Cash Flows will be used in Write 2: Handout (in-class) .
6. Create a Microsoft ExcelTM worksheet to present the major portions of the firm’s Consolidated Statements of Income. See the sample provided. You are not simply to copy the sample – make your own worksheet and do your own formatting and computations. Format the Excel document to print in landscape view. See the sample for an example of how to set up the reports and the calculations you are to perform.
Note: You will likely note some extra items on the Consolidated Statements of Income – things that you do not know what to do with. Most of these are non-operating expenses or income that should be captured as such, following the sample provided. The items you are most concerned with will be clearly labeled as such.
7. Write a Word document containing a copy of your email to your supervisor that addresses the following items.
a. What is the tone of each report (its appearance, theme, look)? What feelings and impressions do you get from looking at the report?
b. Review the management letters and other front matter found in the beginning of the reports. What stands out? Can you draw any initial conclusions about the state of the business? What do the leaders have to say about their company?
c. What else is contained in the annual reports, and what is the significance of it?
d. Compare and contrast the two consolidated statements of income for the company. Consider the yearly operating performance and environmental circumstances (economy, market, trends, etc) that are readily apparent to you as an observer, and/or those mentioned specifically by the management of the organization.
e. What changes do you notice in tone and content from year to year?
f. What is your recommendation on if this company should be explored further for potential purchase by your organization? Include a rationale for your recommendation.
8. Check your document with grammarly.com. Modify your document as needed. Note: Instructions on how to access grammarly.com is available inSubmit To Grammarly.
9. Submit your document to turnitin.com (see MBA Toolbox). Use your Franklin email when setting up your account. View the tutorials on how to use the tool, especially how the Originality report works and how it can be used to improve your paper.
10. Read the Originality Report you receive from turnitin.com and make any modifications as needed to your document. This may include adding proper citations or better paraphrasing.
11. Include your Excel worksheet as an appendix to your Word document. There are several ways to do this. Here is just one method.
• Place your cursor where you would like to include the Excel worksheet into your Word document.
• Insert an “object” into your Word document at the appropriate location. b
• Select “Create from file” tab.
• A window will appear for you to search your file structure for your .xls or .xlsx file.
• The file will be inserted into your word document. You may need to resize the image to fit the page.
12. Include the grading rubric as an appendix to your document.

It should be in email format and should address the points as is listed below. I have short explanations in red.
Start with a short introduction about the research that you conducted on the company and say that you will be addressing the contents of the two annual reports to determine whether the company is worth purchasing.

Write a Word document containing a copy of your email to your supervisor that addresses the following items.

What is the tone of each report (its appearance, theme, look)? What feelings and impressions do you get from looking at the report?
Here you look at the two reports and determine how they looked different from each other. It could be that they changed the entire layout to make it look more presentable, or that they have new sections of interest to investors etc. Explain why you like one report better than teh other. or why you felt that there was not much change in both the reports

Review the management letters and other front matter found in the beginning of the reports. What stands out? Can you draw any initial conclusions about the state of the business? What do the leaders have to say about their company?
Here you need to look at the two reports and determine whether the tone of the chairman’s note and other notes by key leaders are positive in terms of how they performed, what were the key achievements, and find what was different from one report to the other.

What else is contained in the annual reports, and what is the significance of it?
List the key elements of the reports and say why they are important. For example the VW reports have extremely clear view of the financial charts that clearly match the balance sheets. This is an indication that the company want to give a better visual feel to their report as investors may not want to take a look at the entire balance sheet.

Compare and contrast the two consolidated statements of income for the company. Consider the yearly operating performance and environmental circumstances (economy, market, trends, etc) that are readily apparent to you as an observer, and/or those mentioned specifically by the management of the organization. – You would have done this comparison in the class and will have a clear understanding of the same. This will help you to answer the next question.

What changes do you notice in tone and content from year to year?
Refer to section above to address this question. For example the VW reports on the capture of market saw a decline from one year to the next. This needs to have a reason. It could have been that another car manufacturing company launched its operations in that region…

What is your recommendation on if this company should be explored further for potential purchase by your organization? Include a rationale for your recommendation.
Based on the analysis, you should be able to say whether you recommend to purchase or not to purchase and why….

The reason should be a solid one.. for example, the decline of foreign manufactured cars in the global market has seen a decline as the countries where there were high sales have begun to manufacture similar cars at cheaper rates, or whatever you deem fit based on your analysis. or if you want to purchase, then state why….

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Computer Information System Paper

 
Kudler Fine Foods is a client of the accounting firm where you work. Kudler’s management is interested in effectively integrating technology into its business operations. They have asked you to prepare a paper detailing how computer systems might be more effectively integrated to meet their business needs and improve their accounting operations.

Resource: Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization found by using the Virtual Business Portal

Write a paper between 1,300 and 1,400 words in which you address the following:

1.Identify Kudler’s key business and accounting information needs.
2.Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Kudler’s current computer system and technology use, including hardware and software.
3.Explain what opportunities Kudler has in terms of technology and provide suggestions for improving Kudler’s ability to maximize these opportunities.
4.Evaluate the threats that Kudler may encounter given their current systems and offer your suggestions, in terms of using technology.

Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

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Intro to Political Theory FINAL PAPER

 
Intro to Political Theory FINAL PAPER
Choose between the following four options:
1) POWER IN MANY FORMS:
FROM SOFT DESPOTISM TO DISCIPLINE AND CONTROL
In the above quote from his Democracy in America, Tocqueville is struggling to describe a new kind of power emerging in the new form of society he examines with both fascination and concern. He does use the concept of “soft despotism” repeatedly throughout the book, yet at this late point of the text he wonders if this is an adequate descriptor of democratic society’s power. More than a century later Foucault argued that a new economy of power had emerged with modernity: he stressed “discipline.” Deleuze then built on this claim to add that “discipline” was now transforming, and that “control” was becoming prevalent.
Compare and contrast “soft despotism,” “discipline,” and “control.”
Drawing from Foucault and Deleuze, would you say that Tocqueville’s fears have been justified since he wrote Democracy in America?
2) INDIVIDUALISM, THE INDIVIDUAL SUBJECT, DIVIDUALS
In Democracy in America, Tocqueville worries about “individualism” in democratic society, yet he underscores “self-interest properly understood,” which in his view promises to be a healthier notion. On the other hand, Foucault problematizes the individual and argues that disciplinary power “individualizes and totalizes.” He writes:
“It is not that the beautiful totality of the individual is amputated, repressed, altered by our social order, it is rather that the individual is carefully fabricated in it, according to the whole technique of forces and bodies” (217).
Deleuze adds that the society of control inaugurates yet other kinds of subjects, namely what he calls “dividuals:”
“Individuals have become ‘dividuals,’ and masses, samples, data, markets, or banks. … The disciplinary man was a discontinuous producer of energy, but the man of control is undulatory, in orbit, in a continuous network.” (Deleuze, 6)
Engage two of the three authors in a critical discussion, around the following question: to what extent does the individual subject emerge from and to serve a disciplinary economy of power?
“I think that the type of oppression threatening democracies will not be like anything there has been
in the world before; our contemporaries would not be able be able to find any example of it in their
memories. I, too, am having difficulty finding a word which will exactly convey the whole idea I
have formed; the old words despotism and tyranny are not suitable.” (Tocqueville, 805)

3) POWER, KNOWLEDGE, EDUCATION
What is the relationship between the disciplinary society and the sciences of man for Foucault? Can you read Tocqueville’s call for a “new political science” from a Foucauldian perspective? What did Tocqueville have to say about knowledge, and intellectual pursuits, in the democratic society? In what sense does Foucault go further in his critique? Deleuze underscores data, flows of information, etc. In what ways do the developments that took place since Foucault and Deleuze wrote, like Twitter, the blogosphere, social media, continuous information channels, etc, alter the way we know what we know?
Each author at least mentions education, with various levels and depths of critique. Tocqueville criticizes America for valuing only vocational education though he praises the U.S. for providing education to many, while Foucault compares schools to prisons, and sees both, along with the factory, the hospital, the family, as oppressive disciplinary institutions. Finally Deleuze denounces control qua “perpetual training.”
Discuss the relationship between power and knowledge drawing from the three authors. Discuss also the relationship between a given economy of power and the form schooling takes in it.
Critically reflect on what it means to take an exam, or an online class, or to write this paper, and make your own argument regarding education, building on, drawing from, and perhaps critiquing the three authors.
How might you transform this problematic disciplinary or control endeavor in one that might make you more autonomous?

4) STREET ART, NORMS, RESISTANCE Comment on these graffiti from a Foucauldian and Deleuzian perspective:
Emphasize: norms; repetition; pace, rhythms and temporalities of discipline; institutions.
Is this graffiti, because it is graffiti and thus a disobedient form of art, also a form of resistance to the fabricated freedom it and Foucault denounce? Is Foucault’s book Discipline and Punish a form of resistance to the normative system, the disciplinary society it describes? What might be the role(s) of critique, philosophy, and art in a disciplinary society? How and where does Foucault see resistance (last part of the book)?

INSTRUCTIONS
Important Technicalities
– Do not include your name on your paper, only your Panther ID number.
– Make sure to indicate the prompt number you have chosen, at the top of your paper.
– Create an original title for your paper: do not merely copy the prompt title, but try to write
a title that both catches your reader’s attention and at the same time gives a clear idea of the
problem you’ll discuss.
– Your paper must be between 7 and 8 pages.
– Double-spaced, 12 point font, Times New Roman, one inch margins.
– You must include citations where appropriate (anytime you paraphrase or comment on an
author’s insight, and everytime you quote – note that quotes are different than citations: if you do not know the difference, make an appointment with someone at the center for excellence and writing).
– Due date is December 8th at 4:30pm. You will have to bring a stapled, hard copy of your paper to your T.A. Garrett Pierman. Please his mailbox: it is located on the fourth floor of the SIPA building. If you cannot locate the TA mailboxes, ask the staff at the department’s front desk or any other faculty/staff member. They will be happy to assist you.
– No extensions will be granted unless you document of absolutely exceptional circumstances occurring during most of the time you have to write the paper. In this event, please contact your instructors immediately. If you do not face such circumstances, any lateness will be sanctioned with an “F” for the final.
– This final paper counts for 30% of your grade in this course, as indicated on the syllabus. The 8 Commandments of Theory Writing
– Thou shalt understand, analyse, critique:
This final exam requires that you demonstrate good reading comprehension and a careful analysis of the texts, but it will also require that you to take an original, critical position on contemporary political matters, drawing from and responding to the texts.
– Thou shalt distinguish:
Be very attentive to the differences and distinctions between each author’s respective positions and concepts. Tocqueville and Foucault are interesting to discuss together as they share some common questions, but they do not formulate these in the same ways, and their political and philosophical positions are drastically different, sometimes incompatible, in some respect, while they converge in a couple of aspects. Always emphasize differences and disagreements more than commonalities.
– Thou shalt be precise:
Always try to be as rigorous, precise, and specific as possible. Whenever you make a given claim, consider possible claims that would refute it. Develop every claim you make in detail. Structure your argument. When you comment on a given passage (especially when dealing with
the quotes provided in the prompts), always determine how that passage is situated in the overall text, how and to what extent it must be contextualized in a larger argument.
– Though shalt take copious notes for a close reading, before composing
Use the hand-out “SSAACC” on Blackboard and the study guides, to re-read the texts looking for material that addresses your topic, and put together abundant notes before you even start composing an outline and thinking of what your argument will be.
– Thou shalt structure your reasoning and arguments:
Do not free flow write everything at the last minute before due date. Plan your outline carefully. Make sure that each paragraph and each section supports the main claim(s)/addresses the main problem(s) explicitly. Try to think of all the possible counter-claims you can, for each assertion you make. Refute these carefully and clearly, or use them to nuance your own claims. Support and elaborate upon each claim. Only once you have taken lots of notes, as suggested in the commandment above, should you start thinking of your outline. And only once you’ve written a detailed outline, should you start writing. And only once you’ve finishing writing the whole development, should you write your introduction and your conclusion.
– Thou shalt not propose a program, thou must critique and ponder instead:
You are not writing a policy memo. Instead you should try to “stay with the trouble.” This is what philosophy does best: pose critical problems, especially where there would seem to only be self-evident, given, obvious, taken for granted, matters. Elaborate on the questions posed in the prompt you have chosen, and pose new ones from there. Work the key concepts and develop a discussion of how the authors understand these. You should not seek to arrive at a conclusion in the sense of a “solution,” or an answer to questions like “what is to be done?” Instead, your goal should be to leave your reader wondering what to think on even more issues than you even started with.
– Thou shalt forget you are writing to be graded by a teacher:
Do not write with your professor or your T.A. in mind as your audience. Instead, imagine you are explaining, critiquing and commenting these various authors so that a curious and smart undergraduate student who has not read these texts would be able to follow your reasoning.
– Thou shalt transform and challenge your own self:
In fact, not only is the goal here that you are able to articulate a careful and rigorous argument that challenges even the most seemingly self-evident truths, a skill that you’ll enjoy at future thanksgiving dinners, but most importantly, you should come out transformed by the experience of writing this … So really, ultimately, you are writing for your own self, to think thoughts you’d never suspect you could think. And then the challenge is to make those intelligible to others, so that you can spread the trouble.
If you feel dizzy by the time you are done, that’s most likely a good sign.
Think hard and enjoy

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Philosophy 210

Your final essay should be between 1400 and 1500 words long. double-spaced, in a font comparable to the one used on this page. Any quotations and paraphrases from the text must be cited (in whatever format you prefer), and your paper must be edited and proofread. The final essay must be submitted to Canvas by 5PM on Tuesday, December 8. Special Instructions: On Wednesday 12/9 I will email any student who has not turned in a paper. Please check your university email account on that day. If you do not get an email from me, I have your paper. If I email you because I don’t have your paper, it is your responsibility to respond immediately. If I do not receive your paper by the time I submit my final grades, you will fail the course. Throughout this course, we have focused on identifying arguments and formulating objections to the main claims in those arguments. Each week, we’ve read a lead article and have followed it by reading 2 to 3 criticisms of the argument presented in the article. For your final essay, I want you to present a focused, well-organized criticism of one of the following authors: Reiman (capital punishment), President’s Council (cloning), Pateman (Prostitution), or Wonderly (video games). The goal of the essay is to evaluate the argument of the author. Thus, you should not select an author based on whether you agree with his or her conclusion. Instead, select an argument that you understand and will be able to criticize. Prompt: In light of the criticisms you present, does the author present a good argument? In the course of your essay you must (this is a checklist not an outline): 1. Explain the argument that you will criticize. You should focus on those facets of the argument that will be particularly important to your criticisms and not simply summarize the
paper from beginning to end. 2. Present one or more criticisms of the argument. You may not use criticisms that are presented in the readings. You must fully explain your criticism, giving examples if needed to help demonstrate your points. It is better to spend a lot of time developing one criticism than to give a long list of criticisms. 3. Consider how the author might respond to your criticism. Are there any ways in which the author could defend his or her argument? 4. Express whether or not the original argument is a good argument. You must take a side.
Your essay will be judged on its overall organization, the clarity of your presentation, your
attention to and use of the text (through frequent citation), and the thoughtfulness of your argument. You must structure your paper as an essay. It should have a clear statement of purpose (an answer to the prompt) in the introduction. You must edit and proofread your paper several times. Papers with basic grammatical errors will be significantly penalized. Finally, all quotations and paraphrases: Quotations: All quotations must be cited with a page number. You can place this citation in parentheses at the end of the quotation or in a footnote. • A quotation is material that is copied directly from a source and placed in quotation marks. For example, Fullinwider constructs an example in which, “Jones is walking down a street. Smith steps from behind the corner of a nearby building and begins to fire a gun at Jones, with the appearance of deliberate intent to kill Jones. Surrounded by buildings, Jones is afforded no means of escape. Jones, who is carrying a gun himself, shoots at Smith and kills him (37).” • If the quotation is taken from a work used in class, you do not need to provide a full citation on a works cited page. Full citations are required for all other works.
Paraphrases: All paraphrases must be cited with a page number. You can place this citation in parenthesis at the end of the paraphrase or in a footnote. • You paraphrase material when you take a specific passage and put it in your own words. It is not sufficient to change a word or two. The paraphrase should be your own sentence, not a modified version of the original sentence. If you are looking directly at the reading when you
write your new sentence, you are not paraphrasing. You’re plagiarizing. • Here is an example of a paraphrase of the passage I quoted above. Fullinwider uses an example in which Jones and Smith meet in an alley. Smith fires at Jones and tries to kill him. Jones cannot escape and draws his own weapon, killing Smith (37). • If the paraphrase is taken from a work used in class, you do not need to provide a full citation on a works cited page. Full citations are required for all other works. Works “Consulted”: When you utilize material in a general way, making reference to a major claim but not a specific passage, you should provide a full citation. Put this citation on a works cited page. • There is room for judgment here. Specific claims should be cited by page number, while general claims often cannot be. Your goal in providing these citations is to give the reader: (1) a full sense of all material used to formulate the main claims of your essay and (2) the ability to track down the information you are using. If you are closely following a source, for example the
introductory material in our textbook, then you should absolutely cite that source.
General notes: 1. Quotations disrupt the voice of your essay and often do more harm than good. Only quote passages that cannot be paraphrased or passages in which the specific wording is very
important. Fewer quotations are usually better. 2. It is never good practice to quote lecture material. If necessary, you should paraphrase that material. Better, you should go to the text and find the passage that was discussed in lecture. 3. When explaining source material (i.e. explaining Fullinwider’s argument) paraphrases are essential. Paragraphs that are primarily explanatory might have several citations. 4. If you are looking at material when you are writing your essay, you need a citation. This includes web-pages, introductory material, or course notes. 5. The essays for this course all require a significant amount of explanation. Nearly one-half to two-thirds of each essay will be the summary and explanation of course reading. Thus, in those parts of the essay more citations is better than fewer. Every specific claim, every quotation and paraphrase, should have a citation.

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Methodological Fundamentals

 

You are now working on the very special order type. This is a brand new service provided by our company. The order is not just about editing the text. You also required to rewrite the plagiarized content detected  check document from your order. The part of the text highlighted in red should be re-written because these sections are plagiarized. The part that is not highlighted should be edited.
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ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FROM CUSTOMER:
Module paper for DBA at British University. Subject area is Business and Philosophy.

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The influence of Visual posts in Social Media Platforms on Purchase Intention

 
Please follow the steps strictly :

First :
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i will upload 6 files ( might upload more in the future ):

1-NEW ( TOH ): will have my topic, objective and hypothesis( which is the base of this report !!!!!!!)

2- Report structure: is the report Structure that is provided by my teacher that you should follow

3-ReqandGreade: will have the Criteria what should be written in each section, the 50 page distribution should be ( 1 page summary/abstract, around 6 pages of introduction, around 10 pages of literature review, around 15 pages of methodology , around 8 pages of analysis and findings , around 10 pages of conclusions/recommendations) .

4-Questionnaire sample: the survey that i made so u can have an idea about my way of thinking .

5-Questionnaire: the raw data that iv collected ( ignore nationality section so far until further notice ) .

6-Questionnaire respondents results with Graphs:just some basic graphs that i have generated from that raw data that will help you to support my hypothesis ( ignore nationality section so far until further notice ) .

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Second:
1-In literature review talk about the human physiology and how we react to visuals more and it simulate our brain more than text by providing data to support you hypothesis and you can use it later in findings and conclusions.

2- i need my first inclusive draft on December 13th 2015.

3- my final report is due the end of January 2016.

4-my survey was conducted online (web based ) .

5- make more findings from the raw data that i have uploaded .

6-read the Questionnaire carefully so u can understand and know what is my research is about for example am focusing on the top 3 social media platforms( Facebook ,Instagram, twitter ) .

7-for the number of references you can use more than 36 if you want to as long it is relevant to the report.

8-TBC….
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the causes of pragmatic failure

 
i should include these points:
Chapter Two: Literature Review
1-Definitions of pragmatic failure
2-The classifications of pragmatic failure
3-Analysis of pragmatic failure from the theory of adaption:
-Failure to Adapt to the Language Users
-Failure to Adapt to the Physical World
-Failure to Adapt to the Social World
-Failure to Adapt to the Mental World
beside adding more ideas and points