The paper should mainly focus on the examples in London* and contain the following:
(*you can change to another city in Europe, but please let me know first)
1. Presentation of the problem with argumentation why it is important from both a public and an academic perspective:
What is hostile architecture? What are the examples? Who is hostile architecture targeted at?
2. Purpose of the study and concrete research questions you want to answer:
What are the arguments for and against hostile architecture? What was the public reaction/backlash? Focus on public debate.
3. Brief overview of literature on the subject.
4. Discussion of the relevant concepts, theoretical perspectives, or analytical distinctions you want to apply to this problem.
5. Presentation of relevant method(s) and what type of data you intend to use (e.g. qualitative methods, such as interviews, literature analysis).
6. Discussion of the results from the study and their implications for further research.
Use at least 5 references.
The articles you can cite:
CNN. (2017). The debate: Is hostile architecture designing people out of cities? CNN Wire, p. CNN Wire, Dec 7, 2017.
De Fine Licht, K. (2017). Hostile urban architecture: A critical discussion of the seemingly offensive art of keeping people away. Etikk I Praksis, 11(2), 27-44.
Petty, J. (2016). The London Spikes Controversy: Homelessness, Urban Securitisation and the Question of ‘Hostile Architecture’. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 5(1), 67-81.
Salem, E. (2018). Hostile Architecture: When City Design Acts Against Us. [online] progrss. Available at: https://progrss.com/design/20180207/hostile-architecture/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
Meredith, C. (2017). How One Architect Is Innovating To Combat Homelessness In London. [online] Forbes.com. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/bisnow/2017/04/06/how-one-architect-is-innovating-to-combat-homelessness-in-london/#37a2da866060 [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
Mortimer, C. (2015). Homelessness spikes are ‘anti-human’ says Space, Not Spikes artist. [online] The Independent. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/features/space-not-spikes-protest-artist-says-hostile-architecture-is-anti-human-10409673.html [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
Voon, C. (2018). Artist Launches Campaign to Call Out Hostile Urban Design. [online] Hyperallergic. Available at: https://hyperallergic.com/424567/stuart-semple-launches-campaign-to-call-out-hostile-urban-design/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
Griggs, M. (2014). Londoners Are Fighting Back Against “Hostile Architecture”. [online] Smithsonian. Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/controlling-public-spaces-hostile-architecture-180951773/ [Accessed 7 Jan. 2019].
