differences in personal liability to the auditor partners who are in charge of the audit as well as other partners in the firm for audit errors

Week 1 Discussion Questions

 

Reminder – I do not allow direct quotes in student’s work in this class.  You need to paraphrase and cite your outside sources.  “Outside sources” do not include the text and so you don’t need to cite it. 

 

1)           GAAS standards emphasize the critical importance of auditor independence and objectivity, as does the definition of auditing.  Do you believe that auditors can be sufficiently independent and objective when the auditee is also a client and is paying the auditor’s fees?  Why or why not?  Answer in your own words and defend your position.

Hint – I want you to consider both the auditor’s and the client’s incentives to provide a high quality and aggressive audit under these conditions.  By “aggressive” I mean an audit that is willing to question the client’s accounting procedures when appropriate.

 

2)           The text discusses several legal forms of organization – proprietorship, general partnership, general corporation, professional corporation, limited liability company, and limited liability partnership.  Should states limit the form of organization that CPA firms can use and why?  If so, which forms should be prohibited and why?  Ignore taxation issues and focus on the different liability levels of the different forms of organization.  Answer in your own words and defend you choices.

Hint – The key to this question is the differences in personal liability to the auditor partners who are in charge of the audit as well as other partners in the firm for audit errors.  The chapter isn’t completely clear on the key differences in legal liability.  Here is a quote from Chapter5, page 118, where they state the issues more clearly:

 

“Generally, the partners, or shareholders in the case of a professional corporation, are jointly liable for the civil actions against any owner.  It is different, however, if the firm operates as a limited liability partnership (LLP).a limited liability company (LLC), a general corporation, or a professional corporation with limited liability.  Under these business structures, the liability for one owner’s actions does not extend to another owner’s personal assets unless the other owner was directly involved in the actions of the owner causing the liability.  Of course, the firm’s assets are all subject to the damages that arise.”

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Do you believe that auditors can be sufficiently independent and objective when the auditee is also a client and is paying the auditor's fees?

Week 1 Discussion Questions

 

Reminder – I do not allow direct quotes in student’s work in this class.  You need to paraphrase and cite your outside sources.  “Outside sources” do not include the text and so you don’t need to cite it. 

 

1)           GAAS standards emphasize the critical importance of auditor independence and objectivity, as does the definition of auditing.  Do you believe that auditors can be sufficiently independent and objective when the auditee is also a client and is paying the auditor’s fees?  Why or why not?  Answer in your own words and defend your position.

Hint – I want you to consider both the auditor’s and the client’s incentives to provide a high quality and aggressive audit under these conditions.  By “aggressive” I mean an audit that is willing to question the client’s accounting procedures when appropriate.

 

2)           The text discusses several legal forms of organization – proprietorship, general partnership, general corporation, professional corporation, limited liability company, and limited liability partnership.  Should states limit the form of organization that CPA firms can use and why?  If so, which forms should be prohibited and why?  Ignore taxation issues and focus on the different liability levels of the different forms of organization.  Answer in your own words and defend you choices.

Hint – The key to this question is the differences in personal liability to the auditor partners who are in charge of the audit as well as other partners in the firm for audit errors.  The chapter isn’t completely clear on the key differences in legal liability.  Here is a quote from Chapter5, page 118, where they state the issues more clearly:

 

“Generally, the partners, or shareholders in the case of a professional corporation, are jointly liable for the civil actions against any owner.  It is different, however, if the firm operates as a limited liability partnership (LLP).a limited liability company (LLC), a general corporation, or a professional corporation with limited liability.  Under these business structures, the liability for one owner’s actions does not extend to another owner’s personal assets unless the other owner was directly involved in the actions of the owner causing the liability.  Of course, the firm’s assets are all subject to the damages that arise.”

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weighted average cost of capital

Scenario: Wilson Corporation (not real) has a targeted capital structure of 40% long term debt and 60% common stock. The debt is yielding 6% and the corporate tax rate is 35%. The common stock is trading at $50 per share and next year’s dividend is $2.50 per share that is growing by 4% per year.

Prepare a minimum 700-word analysis including the following:

  • Calculate the company’s weighted average cost of capital. Use the dividend discount model.  Show calculations in Microsoft® Word.
  • The company’s CEO has stated if the company increases the amount of long term debt so the capital structure will be 60% debt and 40% equity, this will lower its WACC. Explain and defend why you agree or disagree. Report how would you advise the CEO

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Explain whether you think that humans could be considered replicators?

This week, you’ve read The Replicators and we’ve discussed the ways that genes underpin human evolution.

I would like you to define “replicators” in about a paragraph. Explain whether you think that humans could be considered replicators? Why or why not? I would also like you to answer this question: If humans are replicators, what purpose do you think culture serves?

 

Please write your response in 150-200 words.and I will post the reading material.

Attachments:

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discuss whether or not you believe that dieting can reverse cancer or if dieting impacts your risk of cancer

“Cells and Cancer and Mitosis and Meiosis”

Please respond to one (1) of the following three (3) bulleted items.

  • Listen to one (1) of the following podcasts listed below:
    • NPR Podcast: Can healthy eating reverse some cancers? Available here.
    • Dana Farber Podcast: Sugar and Cancer. Available here.
    • Briefly summarize the podcast you have selected then discuss whether or not you believe that dieting can reverse cancer or if dieting impacts your risk of cancer. Justify your response.
  • Name two (2) similarities and two (2) differences between mitosis and meiosis I and II. Next state three (3) benefits of genetic variation which result from meiosis. Which benefit do you believe is most significant? Justify your response.
  • Read the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology article entitled, “Mitosis at a Glance” which is found here. Next summarize three (3) major points made in the article then define the term cancer in your own words. Lastly, describe what occurs when there are problems during mitosis then provide an example of a disease that results from abnormal mitosis.

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benefits of genetic variation which result from meiosis

“Cells and Cancer and Mitosis and Meiosis”

Please respond to one (1) of the following three (3) bulleted items.

  • Listen to one (1) of the following podcasts listed below:
    • NPR Podcast: Can healthy eating reverse some cancers? Available here.
    • Dana Farber Podcast: Sugar and Cancer. Available here.
    • Briefly summarize the podcast you have selected then discuss whether or not you believe that dieting can reverse cancer or if dieting impacts your risk of cancer. Justify your response.
  • Name two (2) similarities and two (2) differences between mitosis and meiosis I and II. Next state three (3) benefits of genetic variation which result from meiosis. Which benefit do you believe is most significant? Justify your response.
  • Read the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology article entitled, “Mitosis at a Glance” which is found here. Next summarize three (3) major points made in the article then define the term cancer in your own words. Lastly, describe what occurs when there are problems during mitosis then provide an example of a disease that results from abnormal mitosis.

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differences between mitosis and meiosis I and II

“Cells and Cancer and Mitosis and Meiosis”

Please respond to one (1) of the following three (3) bulleted items.

  • Listen to one (1) of the following podcasts listed below:
    • NPR Podcast: Can healthy eating reverse some cancers? Available here.
    • Dana Farber Podcast: Sugar and Cancer. Available here.
    • Briefly summarize the podcast you have selected then discuss whether or not you believe that dieting can reverse cancer or if dieting impacts your risk of cancer. Justify your response.
  • Name two (2) similarities and two (2) differences between mitosis and meiosis I and II. Next state three (3) benefits of genetic variation which result from meiosis. Which benefit do you believe is most significant? Justify your response.
  • Read the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology article entitled, “Mitosis at a Glance” which is found here. Next summarize three (3) major points made in the article then define the term cancer in your own words. Lastly, describe what occurs when there are problems during mitosis then provide an example of a disease that results from abnormal mitosis.

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identify the point in a eukaryotic cell cycle at which dna condenses to form visible chromosomes

identify the point in a eukaryotic cell cycle at which dna condenses to form visible chromosomes

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different forms of marriage

Disccusion  question for this week in Anthropolgy.

Scenario: Marriage

Two friends, taylor and alex are enjoying dessert after a show at the local arts threater. Taylor draws your attention to a verey cozy couple at a table in the corner. ” I wonder what show they wactched,” Taylor sasys with a smirk. You gasp and report that you know the woman she is your neighbor, but the man is not her husband. ” Maybe they’re in an open relationship,” Taylor remarks nonchalantly.

 

-Explain how marraige is an expression of cultural norms and values.

-Describe at least two different forms of marriage.

-Apply the principles of cultural relativisim.

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principles of cultural relativisim

Disccusion  question for this week in Anthropolgy.

Scenario: Marriage

Two friends, taylor and alex are enjoying dessert after a show at the local arts threater. Taylor draws your attention to a verey cozy couple at a table in the corner. ” I wonder what show they wactched,” Taylor sasys with a smirk. You gasp and report that you know the woman she is your neighbor, but the man is not her husband. ” Maybe they’re in an open relationship,” Taylor remarks nonchalantly.

 

-Explain how marraige is an expression of cultural norms and values.

-Describe at least two different forms of marriage.

-Apply the principles of cultural relativisim.

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