Culture-specific education in nursing – what are we accomplishing

Chapter 2 aims to provide a comprehensive foundation from which informed critical discussion can begin regarding cultural education programmes

employed within New Zealand healthcare education.

Relevant Histories
This section explores New Zealand’s socio-political-historical contexts from which culture-specific training and education within the healthcare

system developed.

Colonial Roots
Maori Declaration of Independence
Treaty of Waitangi
New Zealand Constitution Act
Confiscation of Land
Public Health Act
Division of Maori Hygiene
Waitangi Tribunal’
Strategic Plan for Maori Health

Health Disparities within New Zealand
Drawing from a collection of disciplines, this section outlines the numerous health inequalities that plague New Zealand and situates them within

relevant socio-historical contexts.

What is a health disparity?
What health disparities exist in NZ?
Why do they exist?
What do they tell us?
Who is ‘responsible’ for reducing health disparities?
How can health disparities be reduced?

Cultural Safety and Cultural Competence in NZ:
This section introduces the two most frequented medical education frameworks/programmes, cultural safety and cultural competence, which both seek to

mitigate the multifarious health concerns for Maori.

Early discussions of cultural safety (1990s)
Public/societal response to cultural safety movements
Cultural safety into nursing education and practice
Criticisms of cultural safety within NZ
Cultural safety to cultural competence (2000s)
Cultural competence into nursing education
Criticisms of cultural competence within NZ
Initiatives, policies, programs concerning cultural safety or cultural competence in the health workforce

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